Internal-combustion engine.



M. G. CHANDLER.

INTERNAL coIvIBusIIoN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY-21.1914.

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INTERNAL COIVIBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1914. 1,219,917. Patented Mur. 20, 1917.

M. G. CHANDLER.

I \NTERNAL COMBUSTIQN ENGINE. APPLICATION HLED MAY21.1914.

1 ,2l 9,9 1 '7 Patented Mar. 20, 1917'.` l 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M. G. CHANDLER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED MAY27;1914.

f' tion of the arrow.

y UNITED STATES PATENT' onirica.-

MILFORD G. CHANDLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, .ASSIGNOR TO CHANDLER ENGINE VALVE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION EN GIN E:

Application med may 27, 1914. serial N. 841,262'.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, MILroiu) G. CHAN- DLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in 'the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have-invented a new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustlon Engines, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates more particularly to internal combustion engines having rotary valve mechanism for controlling the inlet of the fuel to the engine cylinder or cylinders, therefrom, or both, and especially to multiple-Cylinder engines.

My objects, generally, are t'o provlde a novel and simple construction of lvalve Amechanism especially of the spherical type, whereby when used singly, or 1n multlple operate in unison and connected together to from a common driving means, the valve, or valves, proper will `be adapted to shift independently of each other to conform to the surfaces with which they coperate to form gas-tight joints; which may be readily assembled with the other parts of the engine andreadily removed therefrom, and other objects as will be apparent from the following description.

Referring to vthe accompanying drawings- Figure l is a view in vertical sectional elevation of the upper end of an internal combustion engine of the four-cycle fourcylinder type, equipped with valve-mechanism constructed in accordance Awith my invention, the section Ibeing taken at the line 1 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. -F ig. 2 is a section taken at the line 2 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direc- Fig. 3 is a broken section taken at the line 3 on Fig. 2 and viewed inthe direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a broken section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 5 is a face view of one of the disks'forming the mechanism for transmit., ting driving power from the source to the shaft carrying the valves proper. Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are perspective views of the disk of Fig. 5 and the rings forming said transmitting mechanism. Fig. 10 is a section taken at the line 10 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow, showing the up- Specification of Letters Patent.

or the exhaust of the burnt-gases i ,'17 for the fuel Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

of gas to, and the exhaust of burnt gas from, the cylinders.

Extending across the top of the cylinders is a housing V11 which, at intervals, imme-4 diately above each cylinder 10, forms a valve-casing 12 of general spherical internal contour, as represented, these valve-casings opening into the respective cylinders 10 through ports 13, each of which serves as a port for both the intake and exhaust, the wall of each port 13 containing an annular recess 14 which surrounds the port and opensv into the valve-casing 12 immediately above it, and contains a packing-member 15 preferably of metal -having its inner end of spherical contour for engagement with the spherical valves hereinafter described, the members 15 being backed up by springs 16 for forcing them in close contact vwith the peripheries of the valves.

he housing 11 is formed with a passage to be supplied to the cylinders 10, this into the adjacent ends of a pair of valve-casings 12, at its other end into the adjacent ends of the other pair of valve-casings, and communicating,.intermediate its ends, with a pipe 18 leading from the source of fuel supply (not shown), as, for example, a carbureter. The housing 11 also contains a passage 19 which opens into the adjacent ends of the two intermediate valve-casings 12, and two passages 20 which open respectively into the outer ends of the end valve-casings 12, the passages 19 and 20 communicating with a manifold 21 and serving as passages for conveying the exhaust gases from the cylinders 10. v

Each valve-casing 12 contains a valve proper 22 of general spherical contour against which thefpacking members/15 at their spherical inner ends bear'under the actionof the springs 16. Each of the valves 22 is hollow with open ends, as shown, and is passage ope-ning at one end' formed with a hollow hub 23 and a diagonally-disposed wall, or partition 24, which defines non-communicating chambers 25 and 26 therein, one open to one end of the valve and the other chamber open to the other end of the valve, ports 27 and 28 in the periphery of each valve opening into the chambers 25 and 26, respectively. Thechamber 25 with its port 27 forms an intake chamber communicating with the passage 17, and the chamber 26 with its port 28 forms an exhaust-chamber which opens, in the case of the two intermediate valves 22, into the passage 19, and in the case of the end valves 22 open into the passage 20.

The valves 22 are mounted on a rotary shaft 29 for simultaneous operation, to cause the intake and exhaust chambers of the valves to register alternately at their ports 27 and 28 with the respective ports 13 of the cylinders 10, in properly timed relation to the movements of the pistons of the engine for permitting introduction of charges into the cylinders, and the escape of exhaust gases therefrom at the proper times in accordance with common practice. The. shaft 29 extends through the housing 11 lengthwise of the latter, the housing containing openings 30 and 31 at opposite ends to receive the shaft 29, the opening 30 being closed by a screw-cap 32. The valves 22 are secured to the shaft 29 preferably by splines, in the form of pins 33, which pass through the shaft- 29, these pins extending at one end into longitudinal key-ways in the hubs 23 of the valves, whereby the valves rotate when the shaft is turned but may shift longitudinally thereon to adjust themselves to the bearing surfaces they engage on the interior of the valve-casings.

T o prevent exhaust gases from the cylinders, escaping into the passages for fuel and thus contaminating it, the adjacent ends of each pair of valves 22 are connected at their hubs 23 by sleeves 35, the ends of the hubs 23, for this purpose, being preferably of reduced diameter as illustrated at 36, and the sleeves fitting the. hubs sufficiently tightly to prevent any exhaust gases which might find their way into the sleeves 35 from escaping into the fuel passages, but not too tight to prevent the valves from shifting lengthwise relative to' each other.

The shaft 29 may be driven in properly timed relation to the pistons in the cylinders 10, for the purpose above stated, by any suitable means, but it is preferred that it be driven from the crank-shaft (not shown) of the engine by the mechanism illust-rated which provides the desired flexible connection between the shaft 29 and the drive shaft to prevent strain on the shaft from side thrust of the drive-mechanism and permits the shaft and valves to operate under all $5 conditions without undue friction from binding, a description of the valve-driving mechanism being as follows:

Keyed to an end of the shaft 29, as represented at 37, is a disk 38 provided with a circumferential series of equidistantly spaced openings 38a, and having a flange 39 on its inner face surrounded by a. ring 40 containing openings 40a arranged as in the case of the openings 38, with screws 41 passing through certain of the openings 38a for securing the ring 40 and disk 38 together. rLlhe inner side of the ring 40 carries diametrically-opposed lugs 42 which fit into recesses 43 in a ring 44 concentric with the ring 40, the ring 44 having diametricallyopposed recesses 45 on the face thereof opposite to that containing the recesses 43, butarranged at 90o to the last referred to recesses, the recesses 45 receiving lugs 46 provided on the end of a worm-gear 47 which is journaled on a flanged bushing 48 encircling a cylindrical extension 49 provided on a head 50 bolted to the end of the housing 11. The shaft 29 passes loosely through the head 50, and the outer end of the opening in the head for the shaft is enlarged, as represented at 51, being screw-threaded, as represented at 52, to receive a bushing 53 which latter, with the shoulder 54 at the base of the enlarged opening 51 cooperates with a` packing-ring 55 releasably fitting the shaft 29, by frictional engagement for preventing exhaust gases escaping into the housing 552L for the above-described transmission mechanism.

The gear 47 which is driven from a worm 56 on a shaft 57 driven from the crank-shaft of the engine, causes the shaft 29 and the. valves 22 thereon to rotate, and the abovedescribed mechanism, between the gear 47 and the shaft 29, thus provides a Hexible connection which prevents the binding of the valves. i

The parts of the housing 11 forming the upper half of each valve-casing 12, are formed in cap-sections 58, which rest upon shoulders 58n in the housing and are held in place by blocks 59.

The key-ways 34 in the valves preferably occupy, in each valve, the same relative po'- sition to the ports 27 and 28, so that certain of the valves are interchangeable, and the pins 33 are so arranged about the shaft 29 that when the various pins thereon engage the key-ways of the respective valves, the valves will occupy the proper positions relative to each other on the shaft, so that when they are connected with the driving-medianism hereinbefore described, they will properly time the inlet of gas to, and the exhaust of burnt gas, from the various cylinders. To assemble the valve mechanism with the other parts of the engine, assuming the driving-mechanism for the shaft 29 to be assembled to the position shown, and the caps 58 having been removed, the valves 22 and 40 i 1, the key-ways 34 in right in Figs. 1 and are introduced from the top of the engine into the lower portions of the valve-caslngs 12, and in this operation telescoped with the sleeves 35, and the shaft 29 thereupon inserted through the opening 30 in the housing and successively through the hubs of the valves to the position illustrated in Fig. the hubs of the valve being so disposed as to cause the valves, when the pins 33 on the shaft lie within the key-ways, to assume the correct angular position relative to each other for producing proper timing of the inlet to and exhaust from the engine cylinders when the shaft 29 is operated. During the assembling of the shaft with the valves as stated the shaft 29 enters the ring 55. The shaft 29 is then turned to such a position as will cause the key-way in the shaft 29 for receiving the key 37 to register with the latter and the shaft then moved to the position illustrated in the drawings, the key 37 being so disposed that upon adjusting this shaft about its axis to cause the key 37 to enter this keyway,the valves 22, each properly positioned relative to each other on the shaft 29 as stated, will occupy such positions relative to the ports 13 and the means for driving this shaft, that the valves will operate in properly timed relation to the pistons in the cylinder's.

When occasion requires that the valves 22 be removed from the engine,theoperator upon removing the cap 32 pulls the shaft tothe 2 through the housing 11 and the valves, whereupon, the cap-sections 58 having been removed, the valves may be lifted out of the engine.

The relatively large number of holes 38EL and 40a are provided to permit of the relative adjustment of the dlsk 3 8 and ring 40 to insure the proper `timing of the shaft 29.

It will be readily understood from the foregoing that upon removal of the shaft 29 and valves 22 the position of the shaft-driving mechanism is not disturbed so that the reassembling of the shaft and valves with the said driving mechanism may beeffected without requiring adjustments for properly timing the operation of the shaft 29. It is preferred that the housing 55a be provided with an internal fiange 55b which will support the disk 38 when the shaft 29 is removed.

In the particular construction illustrated, the engine cylinders are inclosed in a iuidtight casing 60, which extends upwardly about the housing 11 as indicated in Fig. l and forms a jacket for receiving air or water, preferably circulated therethrough as is usual in internal-combustion enginestfor cooling the engine. the fluid thus introduced not only cooling the cylinders but also the valve-casings 12 relatively great areas of which are subjected to the fluid. The refrom the splrit movable sections 58 of the casings 12 are preferably packed as indicated at 61 between annular upwardly extending flanges 62 thereon and annular flanges 63 on the housing l1 and concentric with, but spaced from, the anges 62, circular retaining rin,D 64 fitting between these flanges and against the packing 61 to prevent the cooling-Huid from entering the casings, the rings 6i being held down against the packing .by screws 65 screwin into the sections 58 and overlapping the rings 64 at their heads. It will be noted that theprovision of the packing 61 as described will permit of the adjustment of the cap-sections 58 toward and away from the cylinders without impairing the joint-between these cap-sections and the ousing.

- While I have illustrated a particular construction embodying my lnvention, I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto, as the same may be variously modified and altered without departing of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with its cylinder, of' a valvecasing having a spherical inner surface opening into said cylinder through a single port, a spherical valve in said casing for controlling said port containing non--communicating chambers opening through the opposite ends, respectively, of the valve and each containing a port in the periphery of the valve for alternate registration with said cylinder-port when the valve is actuated, a shaft, means splining the valve to said shaft permitting longitldinal movement of said valve on said shaft, and means for rotating said shaft.

2. In an internal-combustion-engine, the combination with its cylinder, of a valve-casing communicating with said cylinder and having alined bearings, said casing being formed of sections one of which is removable relative to said bearings and is interposed between the latter, the joint between said sections extending lengthwise of the casing. inlet and exhaust pipes communicating with said casing, a rotatable valve in said casing for alternately opening the inlet and exhaust pipes to said cylinder, a shaft releasably connected with said valve and removable, when disconnected from said valve, by drawing it lengthwise through' said bearings, and means for actuating said shaft.

3. In a multiple-cylinder internal-combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of alined valve-casings communicating rez spectively with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, said valve-casinga having alined bearings and being formed of sections certain of which are removable relative to said bearings and are interposed be- 13o tween the latter, inlet and exhaust pipes communicating with the interior of said casings, rotatable valves in said casings for alternately opening the inlet and exhaust pipes to said cylinders, a shaft releasably connected with said valves and removable, when disconnected from said valves, by sliding it lengthwise through the said bearings, and means for actuating said shaft.

4. In a multiple-cylinder internal-combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of alined ported valve-casings for the cylinders having alined bearings, said casings being formed of sections certain of which are removable relative to said bearings and are interposed between the latter, the joints between said sectionscxtending lengthwise of the casings, rotatable valves in said casings for controlling the ports therein, a shaft extending through said casings and carrying said valves, said .shaft being withdrawable from said valves and casings through the ends of said casings by withdrawing 1t lengthwise through said bearings, and means for actuating said shaft.

5. In a multiple-cylinder internal-combustion engine, the combination of aplurality Vof alined ported valve-casings for the cylinders having alined bearings, said casmgs being formed of sections certain of which are removable relative to said bearings and are interposed between the latter, the Joifnts between said sections extending lengthwise of the casings, rotatable valves in said casings for controlling the ports therein, a shaft extending through said casings and on which said valves are splined, said shaft being withdrawable from said'valves and casings through the ends of said casings by withdrawing it lengthwise through said bearings, and means for actuating said shaft.

6. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of alined ported valve-casings for the cylinders, a rotatable valve in each casing for controlling the ports in the latter, a shaft extending through said casings, said shaft carrying splines arranged in different angular positions about the shaft, said valves containing keyways disposed in each valve in the same position relative to its ports, and means for actuating said shaft.

7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination' with alined ported valve-casings, rotatable valves in said casings controlling the ports therein, inlet and exhaust pipes communicating wit-,lr ports of said casings, means for actuating said valves, and means extending from one valve to the other for preventing exhaust gases from escaping into said inlet pipe. y

8. In ,an internal combustion engine, the combination with alined ported valve-casings, rotatable valves in said casings controlling the ports therein, inlet and exhaust pipes communicating with v'ports of said casings, means for actuating said valves, and' a sleeve extending from one valve to the other for preventing exhaust gases from escaping into said inlet pipe.

9. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine, inlet and exhaust pipes communicating with the interiors of said valve-casings, rotatable valves in said casings controlling the ports therein, means for actuating said valves, and means extending from one valve to another for preventing exhaust gases from escaping into said inlet pipe.

10. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, inlet and exhaust pipes, the inlet to said valve-casings being at opposite ends of the latter and the exhaust from the other ends thereof, rotatable valves in said casings controlling the inlet to, and the exhaust from,

the cylinders, means for actuating said valves, and means extending from one valve to the other for preventing the escape of exhaust gases into the inlet passages.

11. In a multiple-cylinder lnternal combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, an inlet pipe communicating with the inner open ends of the casings, an exhaust pipe communicating with the outer open ends of the casings, rotatable Valves in said casings controlling the inlet to, and the exhaust from, the cylinders,'means for actuating said valves, and means extending from one valve to the other for preventing the escape of exhaust gases into the inlet passages.

12. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, inlet and exhaust pipes, the inlet to said valve-casings being at opposite ends of thelatter and the exhaust from the other ends thereof, rotatable valves in said casings each containing non-communicating chambers, openings through opposite ends of the valves and having ports adapted to register alternately with the openings from the valve-casings into the cylinders, means for actuating said valves,-and means extending from one valve to the other for preventing the escape.

of exhaust gases into the inlet passages.

13. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, inlet and exhaust pipes, the inlet to said valve-casings being at opposite ends of the latter and the exhaust from the other ends v thereof, rotatable valves in said casings controlling the inlet to, and the exhaust from, the cylinders, a shaft extending through said valves and on which the latter are splined, means for actuating said shaft, and means surrounding said shaft and extending from one valve to the other for preventing the escape of exhaust gases into the inlet passages.'

14. In a multiple-cylinder internal-combus'tion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating With the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, an inlet passage open to the inner ends of said valve-casings, an exhaust passage open to the outer ends of said valve-casings, rotatable valves in said casings containing noncommunicating chambers,the chambers in each valve opening, respectively, through the opposite ends. of said valve and containing ports adapted to be moved alternately into communication With the interior of the respective cylinders, a shaft extending through Said valves and on Which the latter are splined, means for actuating said shaft, and sleeves surrounding said shaft and extending from one valve to the other and forming joints, so positioned as to be subjected to charges passing to the cylinders, for preventing leakage of exhaust gases int'o the fuel supply.

15 In a multiple-cylinder internal-combustion engine, the combination with alined valve-casings communicating with the cylinders of the engine and open at their ends, inlet and exhaust passages, the inlet to said valve-casings being at opposite ends of the latter and the exhaust, from the other ends thereof, rotatable valves in said casings provided with non-communicating chambers opening through -the opposite ends of the valves and provided with ports adapted, when the valves are rotated, to be moved alternately into communication with the interior of the cylinders, said valves being formed with hub-portions, a shaft extending through said hubs and on which said valves are splined, means for actuatlng sa1d forming a section of a ported vtatable valve in said shaft, and a sleeve surrounding said shaft and the inner opposing ends of said hubs and forming joints, so positioned as to be subjected to charges passing to the cylinders, for preventing leakage ofvexhaust gases into the fuel supply.

16. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination lwith its cylinder and piston, of a housing forming a section of a ported valve-casing for the cylinder and having an opening at the side thereof farthest from the piston and extending v'beyond the portion thereof which forms a section of said valvecasing, the internal surface of said valvecasing being of spherical form and provided with a shoulder, a removable member fitting into said opening in the housing and resting against said shoulder and forming with said housing the valve-casing, a rotatable valve in said casing, and means for directing acooling-fluid against said member.

17. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with its cylinder, of a housing forming a section of a ported valve-casing for the cylinder and extending beyond the portion thereof which forms a section of said valve-casing, a removable member fitting into said housing and forming therewith the valve-casing, packing interposed between said removable member and housing, a rotatable valve in said casing, and

means for directing a cooling fluid against said section.

18. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with its cylinder, of a housing valve-casing for thecylinder having its internal surface of spherical form and provided with a shoulder, a removable member fitting `into said housing and against said shoulder and forming with said housing the valve-casing, a rorecting a cooling fluid against said member.

MILFORD G. CHANDLER.A In presence of- O. C. Avisos, D. C. THoRsEN.

casing, and means for dialsY 

